个排偶组成的文章，一般分为六段。以首句破题，两句承题，然后阐述为什么，谓之起源。八股文的主要部分，是起股、中股、后股、束股四个段落，每个段落各有两段。篇末用大结，称复收大结。八股文是由宋代的经义演变而成。八股文的危害极大，严重束缚人们的思想，是维护封建治的工具，同进也把科举考试制度本身引向绝路。明末著名学者顾炎武愤慨地说：“八股盛而《六经》微，十八房兴而二十一史废”。又说：“愚以为八股之害，甚于焚书。”
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